一个朋友说 Gemini最近的进步已经挺大了,于是我就试验了一下。
我问Gemini:你能否用简洁的汉语详细解释一下import { ref, onMounted, watch } from 'vue'
这一语句import的这三个对象?它们是什么,做什么用,好的实践是什么?
Gemini的回答令我非常满意,因此我把它发表在这里。它的回答是:
好的,我来详细解释一下这段代码中导入的三个对象:
import { ref, onMounted, watch } from 'vue'
解释:
-
import:
- 这是 JavaScript 中的导入语句,用于从其他模块(这里就是 Vue.js)中引入需要的功能。
- 想象一下,你在搭建积木,
import
就相当于你从积木盒里拿出特定的积木块。
-
ref, onMounted, watch:
-
这些都是 Vue.js 提供的三个核心功能:
-
ref:
- 作用: 创建一个响应式的引用。
- 比喻: 想象一个盒子,你把一个数据放进去,这个盒子就变成了一个
ref
。当盒子里面的数据发生变化时,Vue 会自动追踪到,并触发相应的更新。
- 使用场景: 用于创建响应式的基本数据,比如一个计数器、一个输入框的值等。
-
onMounted:
- 作用: 在组件挂载到 DOM 后执行一次回调函数。
- 比喻: 就像一个新房子建好了,你就可以搬进去开始装修了。
onMounted
就是在你搬进去之后执行的第一个动作,比如打开窗户通风。
- 使用场景: 用于执行一些初始化操作,比如获取数据、设置定时器等。
-
watch:
- 作用: 监听一个值的改变,并在值改变时执行回调函数。
- 比喻: 就像你设置了一个监控摄像头,一旦监控到有物体移动,就会触发报警。
watch
就是这个监控摄像头,它会持续监控一个值,一旦值发生变化,就会执行你设定的操作。
- 使用场景: 用于实现一些复杂的逻辑,比如根据数据的变化动态更新视图、进行表单验证等。
总结:
ref
用于创建响应式数据。
onMounted
用于在组件挂载后执行初始化操作。
watch
用于监听数据的变化并执行相应的操作。
好的实践:
- 合理使用 ref: 不要过度使用
ref
,只对需要响应式的数据进行包裹。
- 在 onMounted 中进行异步操作: 将获取数据、设置定时器等异步操作放在
onMounted
中,确保组件已经挂载到 DOM 中。
- watch 的使用场景:
watch
更适合监听复杂逻辑或需要深度比较的情况。对于简单的计算属性,可以使用 computed
。
示例:
import { ref, onMounted, watch } from 'vue'
const count = ref(0)
onMounted(() => {
// 在组件挂载后获取数据
fetch('/api/data')
.then(response => response.json())
.then(data => {
// 更新数据
count.value = data.count
})
})
watch(count, (newValue, oldValue) => {
console.log('count has changed:', newValue, oldValue)
})
更深入的学习:
如果你想更深入地了解这些概念,可以参考 Vue.js 的官方文档。
希望这个解释能帮助你更好地理解这三个对象的作用和用法。如果你还有其他问题,欢迎随时提出。
我觉得AI非常善于把概念性的事情用简洁准确的方式说清楚,在这一点上,真可以说它的智慧出于人类而胜于人类了。
The error occurs because AppBar
expects a widget that implements the PreferredSizeWidget
interface, but Consumer<NoteModel>
does not directly implement this interface. To solve this, you need to return an AppBar
from within the Consumer
builder method.
Here’s how you can do it:
Scaffold(
appBar: PreferredSize(
preferredSize: Size.fromHeight(kToolbarHeight),
child: Consumer<NoteModel>(
builder: (context, noteModel, child) {
return AppBar(
title: Text(
'Your Title',
style: TextStyle(
color: noteModel.isPrivate ? Colors.red : Colors.green,
),
),
);
},
),
),
body: // Your other widgets,
);
In this approach, I wrapped the Consumer<NoteModel>
inside a PreferredSize
widget to ensure it adheres to the PreferredSizeWidget
interface required by appBar
.
This should resolve the error while allowing you to update only the AppBar
based on changes in your NoteModel
.
Glory to ChatGPT!
In C#, both FirstOrDefault
and SingleOrDefault
are LINQ methods that operate on collections, but they serve different purposes:
FirstOrDefault
-
Purpose: Returns the first element in a collection that satisfies a specified condition, or the default value for the type if no such element is found.
-
Behavior:
- If the collection contains multiple elements that satisfy the condition, it returns the first one.
- If no elements satisfy the condition, it returns the default value (
null
for reference types, 0
for numeric types, etc.).
-
Use Case: When you're interested in getting the first match or a default value if none exist, and you don't care if there are multiple matches.
SingleOrDefault
-
Purpose: Returns the single element in a collection that satisfies a specified condition, or the default value for the type if no such element is found.
-
Behavior:
- If the collection contains exactly one element that satisfies the condition, it returns that element.
- If no elements satisfy the condition, it returns the default value.
- If more than one element satisfies the condition, it throws an
InvalidOperationException
because the expectation is that there should be exactly one match.
-
Use Case: When you're expecting either one or zero matches, and multiple matches would indicate an error in your data or logic.
Summary
FirstOrDefault
: Use when you want the first matching element or a default value, and multiple matches are acceptable.
SingleOrDefault
: Use when you expect exactly one matching element or a default value, and multiple matches are an error.
--- a/lib/services/note_tag_service.dart
+++ b/lib/services/note_tag_service.dart
@@ -9,6 +9,5 @@ class NoteTagService {
Future<Map<String, int>> getMyTagCloud() async {
var apiResult = (await _noteTagApi.getMyTagCloud()).data;
if (!apiResult['successful']) throw ApiException(apiResult);
- return apiResult['data'].map((item) => {item['tag'] as String: item['count'] as int});
- }
+ return { for (var item in apiResult['data']) item['tag'] as String : item['count'] as int }; }
+ }
I found this brilliant answer at Stack overflow. It is way more clearer and useful than Microsoft's official one
You can use inline modifiers as follows:
// case insensitive match
Regex MyRegex = new Regex(@"(?i)[a-z]+"); // case insensitive match
or, inverse the meaning of the modifier by adding a minus-sign:
// case sensitive match
Regex MyRegex = new Regex(@"(?-i)[a-z]+"); // case sensitive match
or, switch them on and off:
// case sensitive, then case-insensitive match
Regex MyRegex = new Regex(@"(?-i)[a-z]+(?i)[k-n]+");
Alternatively, you can use the mode-modifier span syntax using a colon :
and a grouping parenthesis, which scopes the modifier to only that group:
// case sensitive, then case-insensitive match
Regex MyRegex = new Regex(@"(?-i:[a-z]+)(?i:[k-n]+)");
You can use multiple modifiers in one go like this (?is-m:text)
, or after another, if you find that clearer (?i)(?s)(?-m)text
(I don't). When you use the on/off switching syntax, be aware that the modifier works till the next switch, or the end of the regex. Conversely, using the mode-modified spans, after the span the default behavior will apply.
Finally: the allowed modifiers in .NET are (use a minus to invert the mode):
x
allow whitespace and comments
s
single-line mode
m
multi-line mode
i
case insensitivity
n
only allow explicit capture (.NET specific)